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.TH SVIPC 7 2020-04-11 "Linux" "Linux Programmer's Manual"
.SH NAME
sysvipc \- System V interprocess communication mechanisms
.SH DESCRIPTION
System V IPC is the name given to three interprocess
communication mechanisms that are widely available on UNIX systems:
message queues, semaphore, and shared memory.
.\"
.SS Message queues
System V message queues allow data to be exchanged in units called messages.
Each messages can have an associated priority,
POSIX message queues provide an alternative API for achieving the same result;
see
.BR mq_overview (7).
.PP
The System V message queue API consists of the following system calls:
.TP
.BR msgget (2)
Create a new message queue or obtain the ID of an existing message queue.
This call returns an identifier that is used in the remaining APIs.
.TP
.BR msgsnd (2)
Add a message to a queue.
.TP
.BR msgrcv (2)
Remove a message from a queue.
.TP
.BR msgctl (2)
Perform various control operations on a queue, including deletion.
.\"
.SS Semaphore sets
System V semaphores allow processes to synchronize their actions
System V semaphores are allocated in groups called sets;
each semaphore in a set is a counting semaphore.
POSIX semaphores provide an alternative API for achieving the same result;
see
.BR sem_overview (7).
.PP
The System V semaphore API consists of the following system calls:
.TP
.BR semget (2)
Create a new set or obtain the ID of an existing set.
This call returns an identifier that is used in the remaining APIs.
.TP
.BR semop (2)
Perform operations on the semaphores in a set.
.TP
.BR semctl (2)
Perform various control operations on a set, including deletion.
.\"
.SS Shared memory segments
System V shared memory allows processes to share a region a memory
(a "segment").
POSIX shared memory is an alternative API for achieving the same result; see
.BR shm_overview (7).
.PP
The System V shared memory API consists of the following system calls:
.TP
.BR shmget (2)
Create a new segment or obtain the ID of an existing segment.
This call returns an identifier that is used in the remaining APIs.
.TP
.BR shmat (2)
Attach an existing shared memory object into the calling process's
address space.
.TP
.BR shmdt (2)
Detach a segment from the calling process's address space.
.TP
.BR shmctl (2)
Perform various control operations on a segment, including deletion.
.\"
.SS IPC namespaces
For a discussion of the interaction of System V IPC objects and
IPC namespaces, see
.BR ipc_namespaces (7).
.SH SEE ALSO
.BR ipcmk (1),
.BR ipcrm (1),
.BR ipcs (1),
.BR lsipc (1),
.BR ipc (2),
.BR msgctl (2),
.BR msgget (2),
.BR msgrcv (2),
.BR msgsnd (2),
.BR semctl (2),
.BR semget (2),
.BR semop (2),
.BR shmat (2),
.BR shmctl (2),
.BR shmdt (2),
.BR shmget (2),
.BR ftok (3),
.BR ipc_namespaces (7)
.SH COLOPHON
This page is part of release 5.10 of the Linux
.I man-pages
project.
A description of the project,
information about reporting bugs,
and the latest version of this page,
can be found at
\%https://www.kernel.org/doc/man\-pages/.